Note that the mutate{} filter contains a convert{} operation, which is very useful.
If you find yourself in ruby for another purpose, you might want to cast the variables while your there. Here are some examples:
ruby {
code => "
begin
event['foo'] = event['foo'].to_f
event['bar'] = event['bar'].to_i
rescue Exception;
event['ruby_exception'] = 'cast'
end
"
}